What is MDM? – and the Adjacent Disciplines?

This site is list of solutions for MDM and the disciplines adjacent to MDM. As always, it is good to have a definition of what we are talking about. So, here are some definitions of MDM and an Introduction to 9 adjacent disciplines:

Def MDM

MDM: Master Data Management can be defined as a comprehensive method of enabling an enterprise to link all of its critical data to a common point of reference. When properly done, MDM improves data quality, while streamlining data sharing across personnel and departments. In addition, MDM can facilitate computing in multiple system architectures, platforms and applications. You can find the source of this definition and 3 other – somewhat similar – definitions in the post 4 MDM Definitions: Which One is the Best?

The most addressed master data domains are parties encompassing customer, supplier and employee roles, things as products and assets as well as location.

Def PIM

PIM: Product Information Management is a discipline that overlaps MDM. In PIM you focus on product master data and a long tail of specific product information – often called attributes – that is needed for a given classification of products.

Furthermore, PIM deals with how products are related as for example accessories, replacements and spare parts as well as the cross-sell and up-sell opportunities there are between products.

PIM also handles how products have digital assets attached.

This data is used in omni-channel scenarios to ensure that the products you sell are presented with consistent, complete and accurate data. Learn more in the post Five Product Information Management Core Aspects.

Def DAM

DAM: Digital Asset Management is about handling extended features of digital assets often related to master data and especially product information. The digital assets can be photos of people and places, product images, line drawings, certificates, brochures, videos and much more.

Within DAM you are able to apply tags to digital assets, you can convert between the various file formats and you can keep track of the different format variants – like sizes – of a digital asset.

You can learn more about how these first 3 mentioned TLAs are connected in the post How MDM, PIM and DAM Stick Together.

Def DQM

DQM: Data Quality Management is dealing with assessing and improving the quality of data in order to make your business more competitive. It is about making data fit for the intended (multiple) purpose(s) of use which most often is best to achieved by real-world alignment. It is about people, processes and technology. When it comes to technology there are different implementations as told in the post DQM Tools In and Around MDM Tools.

The most used technologies in data quality management are data profiling, that measures what the data stored looks like, and data matching, that links data records that do not have the same values, but describes the same real world entity.

Def RDM

RDM: Reference Data Management encompass those typically smaller lists of data records that are referenced by master data and transaction data. These lists do not change often. They tend to be externally defined but can also be internally defined within each organization.

Examples of reference data are hierarchies of location references as countries, states/provinces and postal codes, different industry code systems and how they map and the many product classification systems to choose from.

Learn more in the post What is Reference Data Management (RDM)?

Def CDI

CDI: Customer Data Integration is considered as the predecessor to MDM, as the first MDMish solutions focused on federating customer master data handled in multiple applications across the IT landscape within an enterprise.

The most addressed sources with customer master data are CRM applications and ERP applications, however most enterprises have several of other applications where customer master data are captured.

You may ask: What Happened to CDI?

Def CDP

CDP: Customer Data Platform is an emerging kind of solution that provides a centralized registry of all data related to parties regarded as (prospective) customers at an enterprise.

In that way CDP goes far beyond customer master data by encompassing traditional transaction data related to customers and the emerging big data sources too.

Right now, we see such solutions coming both from MDM solution vendors and CRM vendors as reported in the post CDP: Is that part of CRM or MDM?

Def ADM

ADM: Application Data Management is about not just master data, but all critical data that is somehow shared between personel and departments. In that sense MDM covers all master within an organization and ADM covers all (critical) data in a given application and the intersection is looking at master data in a given application.

ADM is an emerging term and we still do not have a well-defined market – if there ever will be one – as examined in the post Who are the ADM Solution Providers?

Def PXM

PXM: Product eXperience Management is another emerging term that describes a trend to positioning PIM solutions away from the MDM flavour and more towards digital experience / customer experience themes.

In PXM the focus is on personalization of product information, Search Engine Optimization and exploiting Artificial Intelligence (AI) in those quests.

Read more about it in the post What is PxM?

Def PDS

PDS: Product Data Syndication connects MDM, PIM (and other) solutions at each trading partner with each other within business ecosystems. Product data syndication is often the first wave of encompassing interenterprise data sharing. You can get the details in the post What is Product Data Syndication (PDS)?

An MDM / PIM / DQM Easter Egg

It is high season for painting Easter eggs now.MDM PIM DQM Easter EggThis egg is featuring:

  • Master Data Management (MDM),
  • Product Information Management (PIM) and/or
  • Data Quality Management (DQM)

as well as:

  • Application Data Management (ADM),
  • Customer Data Integration (CDI),
  • Customer Data Platform (CDP),
  • Digital Asset Management (DAM),
  • Product Data Syndication (PDS),
  • Product experience Management (PXM) and
  • Reference Data Management (RDM)

Check out the 10 data management TLAs on this list here.

Master Data, Product Information, Reference Data and Other Data

There is a trend on the data management market that the solutions are either going very niche (best-of-breed) in the data domain covered or they are encompassing a broader range of data types.

This can be seen in the spectrum of master data and product information as reported in the post MDM, PIM or Both.

We also see that governance and management of reference data is included in addition to managing master data as told in the post What is Reference Data Management (RDM)?

Some MDM (and RDM) solutions also extend the reach to cover aspects of transaction data and big data. The main scenarios covered are:

  • Matching of party entities in traditional systems of record with the parties referenced in social streams and weblogs (systems of engagement) as well as in sensor data. This can be used in creating a Customer Data Platform (CDP).
  • Extending data quality and data performance dashboards related to master data to cover aggregated transaction data and big data held in data warehouses and data lakes by using a shared set of reference data.

When product information is to be shared in business ecosystems through Product Data Syndication (PDS), this can be accelerated by using a data lake concept and new data stores as staging areas. This is due to that a main challenge here is that the data quality standards on the providing side most often are different from the data quality standards on the receiving side.

MDM PIM RDM and other data

The diagram is a variation of a diagram included in the whitepaper Intelligent Data Hub – Taking MDM to the Next Level. The original is developed together with Salah Kamel, CEO at Semarchy

Five Essential MDM / PIM Capabilities

Many of the recent posts here on the blog have been around some of the most essential capabilities that Master Data Management (MDM) and Product Information Management (PIM) solutions are able to provide.

Five MDM PIM CapabilitiesData Matching

Having the ability to match and link master data records that are describing the same real-world entity is probably most useful in MDM and in the context of party master data. However, there are certainly also scenarios where product master data must be matched. While identifying the duplicates is hard enough, there must also be functionality to properly settle the match as explained in the post Three Master Data Survivorship Approaches.

Workflow Management

While the first MDM / PIM solutions emphasized on storing “a single source of truth” for master data, most tools today also provide functionality for processing master data. This is offered through integrated workflows as examined in the post Master Data Workflow Management.

Hierarchy Management

Master data comes in hierarchies (and even graphs). Examples are company family trees, locations and product classifications as told in the post Hierarchy Management in MDM and PIM.

Handling Multiple Cultures

If your solution will be implemented across multiple countries – and even in countries with multiple languages – you must be able to manage versions of master data and product information in these languages and often also represented in multiple alphabets and script systems. This challenge is described in the post Multi-Cultural Capabilities in MDM, PIM and Data Quality Management.

Reference Data Management

The terms master data and reference data are sometimes used synonymously. The post What is Reference Data Management (RDM)? is about what is usually considered special about reference data. Some MDM (and PIM) solutions also encompasses the handling of reference data.

The Capabilities That You Need

The above-mentioned capabilities are just some of the requirements you can mark in a service that can draft a list of MDM/PIM/DQM tools that are most relevant for you. Try it here: Select your solution.

What is Reference Data Management (RDM)?

One of the specialized data management solution types encompassed by this Disruptive MDM / PIM / DQM List is Reference Data Management (RDM).

Reference data are typically smaller lists of data records that are referenced by master data and transaction data. These lists do not change often. They tend to be externally defined but can also be internally defined within each organization. The below table have some examples of reference data lists used across many organizations and industries:Reference DataRDM solutions may offer this functionality around the reference data:

  • The data store that holds the data
  • The user interface for maintaining the lists
  • Access control
  • Hierarchy management as for example how countries have (or not have) states/provinces that have postal codes
  • Managing relationships and mapping between the list values as for example how a SIC industry sector code relates to NACE industry sector codes
  • Versioning of the lists
  • Language and further context management
  • Audit trails
  • Approval workflows
  • Data integration capabilities

There are applications that is purely focussing on RDM as well as MDM and broader data management solutions / suites that have RDM as a one of several capabilities where the above-mentioned functionality is shared with master data and perhaps other critical application data.

If you use the select your solution service here on the site, RDM is one of the capabilities you can mark as a requirement for your solution.